"Homme-volcan, Homme-révolte...."

Chimurenga, the literary journal based in Cape Town, has posted two tributes to Aimé Césaire on its website: a poem, "Quand Aimé Césaire disparut", by Henri-Michel Yéré, and "Aimé Césaire: Le volcan s’est éteint", an essay by Achille Mbembe.

Quand Aimé Césaire disparut, les morceaux de roc étalés au sol regardaient ébahis le dos de leur briseur qui prit son envol, pris de lumière, et que l’on fût à Dakar, à Paris, au Cap ou à Fort-de-France, tous virent la même étoile allumer les horizons sans fin du possible;

Quand Aimé Césaire disparut, nous entendîmes les pleurs et les regrets d’honneurs mal répartis ; pourtant mon cœur et ma pensée complices ne sommes que le temple de son chant, constant émetteur d’essentiel....

(Look out for essays on Césaire's legacy by J. Michael Dash and Elizabeth Walcott-Hackshaw in the forthcoming May issue of the CRB.)

Hommage à Césaire

Before Aimé Césaire, only three French writers were given the honour of a state funeral: Victor Hugo, Paul Valéry, and Colette. Both Le Monde and Le Figaro point this out in their coverage of Césaire's funeral on Sunday afternoon in Fort-de-France. Both newspapers have also posted galleries of images of the ceremonies.

Le Monde: "Fort-de-France se recueille lors des obsèques nationales d'Aimé Césaire"; gallery here.

Le Figaro: "La France rend hommage à Aimé Césaire"; gallery here.

Césaire himself chose the epitaph that will appear on his tomb; the final three lines of his poem "Calendrier lagunaire":

La pression atmosphérique ou plutôt l'historique
agrandit démesurément mes maux
même si elle rend somptueux certains de mes mots

Links, links, links

- In the Stabroek News, Al Creighton takes a look at the career of Sabga Award-winning David Dabydeen, and in the Trinidad Newsday Kevin Baldeosingh reports on Dabydeen's talk last Monday at the National Library in Port of Spain:

“Books are what we are. Long after we’ve forgotten who the Prime Minister of Trinidad and Tobago is, we’ll remember Naipaul,” Dabydeen said. He also spoke about the friendly rivalry between the writers of the 1950s and 60s, although when he brought up Lamming, he paused and said, “Maybe I shouldn’t talk about this in public. It’s not being taped, is it?”

- In the New York Times Book Review, Paul Devlin reviews a new biography of Marcus Garvey, Negro with a Hat, by Colin Grant.

- Oops, I missed this one a little over a week ago: Ian Thomson's review, in the Independent, of Kei Miller's new novel:

The Same Earth, a humorous, bittersweet fiction, combines the fantastical realism of Márquez with the domestic comedy of Andrea Levy, to create an island saga richly brocaded in folklore and West Indian custom. Miller, himself a Jamaican, is a name to watch.

- And the Calabash International Literary Festival has released its 2008 schedule. No Junot Diaz, alas, but this year's authors include Lorna Goodison, Erna Brodber, Thomas Glave, Kei Miller, Margaret Cezair-Thompson (all Jamaican), the American poets Yusef Komunyakaa and Cornelius Eady, and, for the headline act, Derek Walcott. Your humble Antilles blogger will be in Treasure Beach the weekend of 23 to 25 May for Calabash 2008, and you can look out for not-quite-live reports here--with photos by Georgia Popplewell, just like last year.

- Speaking of Diaz, his novel The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao has won another prize--the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, "the premier prize for books that grapple with race".

- And speaking of Walcott, the current New Yorker includes a new poem of his, In Italy:

Roads shouldered by enclosing walls with narrow
cobbled tracks for streets, those hill towns with their
stamp-sized squares and a sea pinned by the arrow
of a quivering horizon, with names that never wither
for centuries and shadows that are the dial of time....

"Paris soit ce soir une ville martiniquaise"

"This evening, Paris is a Martinican city"--a rather lovely line (roughly translated) from the speech made earlier by Bertrand Delanoë, the mayor of Paris, at a memorial ceremony for Aimé Césaire. Le Figaro reports:

Une minute de silence. Puis une veillée avec chants et musique créole. «Aux Antilles, la mort n'est pas un moment de pleurs mais un moment de joie. Ce soir, nous allons fêter un grand homme, un grand Français en espérant que son message ne sera pas oublié» a déclaré Patrick Karam, délégué interministériel pour l'Egalité des chances des Français d'outre-mer. Plusieurs centaines de personnes se sont rassemblées samedi sur la place de la Sorbonne à Paris pour une veillée «à la mode antillaise» en hommage au poète.

Remembering Césaire

Aimé Césaire on the front page of today's Le Monde


Some more of the tributes to Aimé Césaire that have appeared online since his death on Thursday:

For poets such as Césaire, freedom is not an abstract idea. His legacy is for us to pursue freedom (self-actualization) in the body and the mind—the abilty to realize the full expression of an individual talent unbound by race, class, creed, religion, gender or sexual preference.

For if the goal of any life is freedom, then Aimé Césaire was a light.

-- Geoffrey Philp, from a thoughtful short essay posted at his blog on Friday.


It is not often that politics and poetry go together, but when they do, the West Indies is as fertile an environment as any for the two to coexist. Césaire seamlessly blended his love for language, ideas and writing into his political life, which spanned almost 60 years.

-- From the Global Voices roundup of bloggers' reactions to Césaire's death, with links to tributes from Martinique, Trinidad, Senegal, Congo, Togo, and the United States; authored by Jennifer Brea and Janine Mendes-Franco.


Il est extrêmement frappant de voir qu'en Martinique chacune et chacun a un Césaire à raconter. Son Césaire. Le grand homme, il est vrai, a de quoi nourrir diversement les uns et les autres : noir, poète, élu, humaniste. Il a, peu ou prou, accompagné tous ses compatriotes de son île natale.

-- From a memoir of Césaire by Patrice Louis, Le Monde's correspondent in Martinique, and author of Conversations avec Aimé Césaire, posted yesterday at the Le Monde website (in French).


We have all been marked by the universal import of Aimé Césaire’s call for human dignity, watchfulness and responsibility.

-- From UNESCO Director-General Koïchiro Matsuura's statement on Thursday.


Très émus, mais dans une ambiance sereine, souvent joyeuse, les habitants de Fort-de-France et des autres communes de l'île, tous âges confondus, ont applaudi le passage du fourgon transportant la dépouille de Césaire en chantant, en scandant son nom ou en brandissant des portraits du poète. Des inscriptions «Merci Papa Aimé» ou «Merci Césaire», avaient été tracées à la peinture sur les trottoirs et des portraits du poète collés aux murs.

-- From a report in Le Figaro on the first stage of Césaire's funeral procession in Fort-de-France yesterday (in French).




Césaire's autograph, dated November 2005, from the collection of St. Lucian poet John Robert Lee

R.I.P. Aimé Césaire, 25 June, 1913-17 April, 2008

Sad (but not entirely unexpected) news from Martinique this morning: Aimé Césaire, one of the Caribbean's (and France's) major writers, leader of the negritude movement, and author of the seminal Cahier d'un retour au pays natal, has died at the age of 94, after being admitted to hospital last week. In the coming days, tributes will flow from writers across the Caribbean. Here are the first wire service reports: from the Associated Press, Reuters, and Agence France-Presse.

... when my turn comes into the air
I will raise up a cry so violent
that I will spatter the sky utterly
and by my shredded branches
and by the insolent jet of my solemn wounded bole

I shall command the islands to exist

-- from "Lost Body", by Aimé Césaire, trans. E. Anthony Hurley

More:

Le Figaro posts a gallery of Césaire images.

Le Monde posts the reactions of senior French politicians, including President Nicolas Sarkozy.

Naipaul, Naipaul, Naipaul

So many reviews of Patrick French's biography The World Is What It Is, each one sounding much like the last--the same repetition of the list of Sir Vidia's sins, with emphasis on his marital life and sex "secrets", garnished by comments on the monstrousness of the man, and largely simplifying the subtleties, complexities, and ironies of the book. I was half in mind to do a follow-up roundup of TWIWIS coverage, but it's too exhausting to contemplate anything comprehensive--so I'll link to just a couple more reviews. First Hilary Spurling's in the UK Observer, which is illustrated with what is now my favourite photo of Naipaul, by Eamonn McCabe:



Second, Sunil Khilnani's review in Outlook India, which incisively describes what he calls French's "myth-puncturing"--his careful consideration of the uncomfortable but very human truths behind Naipaul's artfully crafted public persona. Khilnani concludes:

Naipaul came to perfect this stance: controlling a situation by appearing helpless, then getting others to do his bidding--while making them feel that they were doing it inadequately. In this biography, however, this method has failed him. This may be an authorised biography, but it is firmly and in every sense in Patrick French's control--and he has written a superb account of the life, as what it is. Now, knowing the myth, having read the life, one goes back to the work. That is Naipaul's monument. We are many, who lead less than exemplary lives; but very few are able to turn the matter of their lives into great work. Naipaul, as Patrick French lets us still better see, is one of them.

Meanwhile, it is announced today that TWIWIS has been longlisted for the Samuel Johnson Prize for non-fiction, sponsored by the BBC.

"Somewhere in the Zone"

Over at Amazon's Omnivoracious blog, Brad Thomas Parsons has not only managed to snag a post-Pulitzer interview with Junot Diaz--he actually has the opening passage of Diaz's current work-in-progress, "Dark America", which starts:

I'm somewhere in the Zone, traveling on top of an transport. Bound for City.

The only City there is....

"Who knows when it will ever see the light of day again," says Diaz, making it sound like his readers will have to wait another eleven years....